In 2022, Billings County ranked second lowest per capita recipient of government transfers in North Dakota, with residents receiving $5,653 per capita from programs such as Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and income maintenance, according to information from the Economic Innovation Group.
In total, residents in Billings County received $5.8 million in government transfers, which accounted for 6.8% of total county income.
Comparatively, across all counties in North Dakota, government transfer payments totaled $7.7 billion, making up 14.1% of the state residents’ total income, with an average of $9,913 per resident.
Government transfer payments are non-repayable funds provided by federal, state, or local governments to support individuals in need. These payments aim to stabilize economic conditions and provide financial support during hardships. Key programs include Social Security transfers (retirement benefits), Medicare transfers (healthcare for seniors), Medicaid transfers (healthcare for low-income individuals), and income maintenance transfers (financial assistance for basic needs).
Breaking down the contributions in Billings County at the time, Social Security transfers totaled $3 million, amounting to $2,922 per capita, or 51.7% of total government transfers. Medicare transfers accounted for $817,000 ($803 per capita), representing 14.2% of the total. Medicaid contributed $645,000 ($634 per capita), making up 11.2% of total transfers. Income maintenance programs, including assistance such as SNAP or TANF, added another $634,000 ($623 per capita), or 11% of the total.
With 23.9% of the population aged 65 and older, Billings County has a significant demand for programs like Social Security and Medicare. Total per capita income excluding government transfers in Billings County was $77,406, slightly below the county’s total income of $83,059, emphasizing the role of government transfers in overall income.
When comparing 2022 to the previous year, Billings County saw a decrease of 24.9% in per capita government transfers, from $7,978 to $5,653 per capita.
Government transfers have long been a modest financial safety net, historically comprising only a small fraction of Americans’ income. However, since the 1970s—sometimes dubbed the “Great Transfer-mation”—dependency has surged from 8.21% (or $2,022 per capita in inflation-adjusted 2022 dollars) in 1970 to 17.63% (or $11,542 per capita) in 2022. In Billings County, reliance on government transfers has similarly increased from 4.24% (or $868 per capita) in 1970 to 6.8% (or $5,653 per capita) in 2022, reflecting broader national trends.
According to the Economic Innovation Group’s analysis, these trends are not merely short-term responses to economic pressures but rather reflect a profound, long-term transformation in how government support is integrated into American life. The study illustrates that structural shifts—from rising healthcare expenses and demographic changes to stagnant wages—have significantly increased dependency on government transfers.
| County | State Rank (Per Capita Transfers) | Per Capita Transfers ($) | Dependency on Transfers (%) | % Population 65+ | Social Security Transfers ($) | Medicare Transfers ($) | Medicaid Transfers ($) | Income Maintenance Transfers ($) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| McIntosh County | 1 | $21,094 | 23.45% | 29.98% | $13,422,000 | $14,611,000 | $17,265,000 | $2,379,000 |
| Nelson County | 2 | $19,084 | 20.68% | 27.61% | $17,697,000 | $11,829,000 | $18,933,000 | $2,510,000 |
| Rolette County | 3 | $19,076 | 33.47% | 13.21% | $37,972,000 | $35,567,000 | $87,236,000 | $39,323,000 |
| Towner County | 4 | $16,773 | 14% | 27.43% | $11,067,000 | $8,586,000 | $9,181,000 | $2,132,000 |
| Wells County | 5 | $16,511 | 15% | 28.28% | $19,617,000 | $16,046,000 | $17,495,000 | $3,958,000 |
| Adams County | 6 | $16,267 | 27.67% | 30.47% | $11,327,000 | $9,622,000 | $8,754,000 | $1,817,000 |
| Griggs County | 7 | $15,703 | 16.72% | 31.3% | $12,145,000 | $9,026,000 | $9,239,000 | $2,315,000 |
| Benson County | 8 | $15,683 | 22.88% | 15.99% | $19,357,000 | $15,633,000 | $29,977,000 | $13,461,000 |
| Logan County | 9 | $15,539 | 18.2% | 26.71% | $7,722,000 | $6,865,000 | $8,710,000 | $1,773,000 |
| Emmons County | 10 | $15,293 | 16.27% | 28.61% | $16,506,000 | $14,709,000 | $9,778,000 | $3,105,000 |
| Eddy County | 11 | $15,169 | 16.79% | 22.19% | $11,165,000 | $6,021,000 | $12,810,000 | $2,190,000 |
| Pierce County | 12 | $15,101 | 20.24% | 23.99% | $18,354,000 | $13,632,000 | $15,960,000 | $4,346,000 |
| Renville County | 13 | $15,048 | 13.25% | 20.89% | $10,410,000 | $6,977,000 | $10,052,000 | $1,727,000 |
| Sheridan County | 14 | $15,039 | 15.15% | 35.93% | $6,951,000 | $4,686,000 | $3,670,000 | $1,926,000 |
| Grant County | 15 | $14,996 | 23.33% | 30.88% | $10,075,000 | $9,930,000 | $6,743,000 | $2,916,000 |
| Sioux County | 16 | $14,991 | 38.65% | 9.33% | $6,915,000 | $6,413,000 | $24,846,000 | $10,448,000 |
| Walsh County | 17 | $14,881 | 19.59% | 22.24% | $48,233,000 | $46,311,000 | $35,539,000 | $9,959,000 |
| Dickey County | 18 | $14,804 | 15.92% | 20% | $20,523,000 | $16,424,000 | $23,565,000 | $4,798,000 |
| Kidder County | 19 | $14,601 | 17.47% | 27.47% | $10,324,000 | $7,808,000 | $9,388,000 | $2,225,000 |
| Bottineau County | 20 | $14,564 | 16.2% | 25.34% | $31,652,000 | $22,832,000 | $20,891,000 | $6,099,000 |
| Cavalier County | 21 | $14,531 | 10.72% | 27.88% | $19,283,000 | $13,985,000 | $11,718,000 | $2,768,000 |
| Ransom County | 22 | $14,042 | 18.85% | 21.99% | $22,977,000 | $18,398,000 | $22,594,000 | $3,834,000 |
| Bowman County | 23 | $14,020 | 18.68% | 24.28% | $13,223,000 | $14,135,000 | $7,952,000 | $1,827,000 |
| Ramsey County | 24 | $13,907 | 20.36% | 21.42% | $49,807,000 | $36,473,000 | $43,387,000 | $12,017,000 |
| McHenry County | 25 | $13,835 | 17.66% | 21.87% | $22,233,000 | $18,886,000 | $13,329,000 | $5,463,000 |
| McLean County | 26 | $13,771 | 16.96% | 26.3% | $49,522,000 | $33,522,000 | $28,476,000 | $6,444,000 |
| Divide County | 27 | $13,583 | 18.4% | 25.31% | $9,233,000 | $8,923,000 | $6,221,000 | $1,698,000 |
| Barnes County | 28 | $13,491 | 17.81% | 23.41% | $48,902,000 | $33,206,000 | $35,027,000 | $8,759,000 |
| Pembina County | 29 | $13,336 | 15.17% | 25.72% | $34,824,000 | $25,535,000 | $15,183,000 | $5,005,000 |
| Hettinger County | 30 | $13,197 | 19.58% | 22.98% | $10,931,000 | $8,099,000 | $7,764,000 | $2,030,000 |
| Traill County | 31 | $13,043 | 17.3% | 20.54% | $33,758,000 | $25,480,000 | $24,595,000 | $5,943,000 |
| Mercer County | 32 | $12,778 | 19.29% | 22.61% | $42,272,000 | $30,676,000 | $18,026,000 | $4,805,000 |
| LaMoure County | 33 | $12,749 | 13.45% | 27.63% | $18,825,000 | $14,272,000 | $9,468,000 | $3,310,000 |
| Stutsman County | 34 | $12,343 | 18.17% | 20.51% | $90,728,000 | $60,244,000 | $66,583,000 | $16,998,000 |
| Sargent County | 35 | $12,105 | 13% | 23.13% | $18,180,000 | $14,549,000 | $5,313,000 | $2,407,000 |
| Foster County | 36 | $11,693 | 12.78% | 23.67% | $13,930,000 | $10,138,000 | $7,674,000 | $2,337,000 |
| Steele County | 37 | $10,899 | 9.43% | 25.77% | $9,431,000 | $5,645,000 | $852,000 | $1,416,000 |
| Richland County | 38 | $10,843 | 16.44% | 20.35% | $66,823,000 | $41,264,000 | $33,767,000 | $12,454,000 |
| Dunn County | 39 | $10,467 | 11.41% | 18.9% | $13,162,000 | $10,269,000 | $9,623,000 | $2,649,000 |
| Mountrail County | 40 | $10,398 | 12.83% | 13.73% | $27,351,000 | $19,738,000 | $28,101,000 | $8,649,000 |
| Slope County | 41 | $10,190 | 17.84% | 30.79% | $2,641,000 | $1,254,000 | $1,140,000 | $586,000 |
| Morton County | 42 | $9,956 | 16.37% | 17.29% | $116,976,000 | $81,151,000 | $65,640,000 | $24,512,000 |
| Golden Valley County | 43 | $9,894 | 17.37% | 27.61% | $7,412,000 | $5,540,000 | $1,513,000 | $1,104,000 |
| Burke County | 44 | $9,690 | 9.44% | 22.47% | $8,712,000 | $5,917,000 | $3,016,000 | $1,400,000 |
| Burleigh County | 45 | $9,577 | 13.4% | 17.87% | $365,450,000 | $233,068,000 | $168,178,000 | $58,251,000 |
| Oliver County | 46 | $9,563 | 15.22% | 25.24% | $9,096,000 | $4,181,000 | $1,273,000 | $1,292,000 |
| Ward County | 47 | $9,145 | 14.61% | 14.29% | $192,313,000 | $141,690,000 | $116,817,000 | $52,465,000 |
| Grand Forks County | 48 | $8,964 | 14.67% | 14.4% | $218,212,000 | $153,805,000 | $112,970,000 | $53,960,000 |
| Stark County | 49 | $8,426 | 12.56% | 14% | $92,253,000 | $61,573,000 | $58,337,000 | $21,258,000 |
| Cass County | 50 | $7,444 | 10.77% | 12.94% | $536,348,000 | $335,812,000 | $214,456,000 | $123,297,000 |
| Williams County | 51 | $6,490 | 9.39% | 10.55% | $82,326,000 | $54,766,000 | $50,536,000 | $22,599,000 |
| Billings County | 52 | $5,653 | 6.81% | 23.9% | $2,975,000 | $817,000 | $645,000 | $634,000 |
| McKenzie County | 53 | $5,568 | 7.32% | 10.32% | $23,794,000 | $17,144,000 | $16,237,000 | $8,122,000 |
